indoxacarb human toxicity

H��V[s�F~׌��yD�a/��7E��U�4�H~��H�"�Z}�?o�. Together with hemoglobin, methemoglobin is responsible for absorbing oxygen and delivering it to different parts of the body. Indoxacarb is highly effiective,low-toxicity insecticide for use in agriculture. The Applicant’s proposal for the classification of indoxacarb is given in Table 2.1. Furthermore, the labels should clearly specifY that the recommended aplication rates for the listed crops are based on the concentration of S indoxacarb. For all cases mentioned, seek medical attention as soon as possible. ��d�Й��=�|��K�q8x�nI�q?P�`8�\�N@� |�xlN�P��a8p��o��>8��˞�((x�'d��i1�h��DϜr�Gз��'��=.3|�]L��S��냩�k��8�ua_)��j>zM=G��"��pi΀B��q��/*H�� C��_��E��p��>�Y�RXVq��#�2� ��!K�(��WY�_�B��,�R��!l�y8�CS�n>M�Y�%+�|�A�-�+*��p#��Ǌ��)K`y��Wq��ѣW]�DG?�<9b��븓��Fc�z�Y��>��s�$�8�$�|q��k��[��~U�b��k�F�n��9��`]NK�Y�㤂�F�ʘ��U��6_Mp�+ ��ʺ�w�8��eI�}�i�'qy�K$��D��}oU�/rx(J��&�O��[S��P��I��^��+`��;��wo�n�.�3F8{a��}۴��D�~�l�dd��6\D��5��a�~�!��w��׆%.��&�/��;��6{d3A}�]��ީjs܂��Ͷ(�]�v�m��a�Z[ڤx:��q��J�u"�n�i��1�2{�0R�}�(��wY^ܵA�. The reported field dissipation half-lives of indoxacarb are D� �/5R;��'�K�(/��UyFz��d�(�z*��A%��S�y�W��l��9��Ê�t��V�A]��/_�C�Z��s�5�k��x=R�lX��h6�f[��,߲|;�o�Hu�c�9�6�< ��>2�8AG�;o�[�iD�w4�@+o� +9�-d�I?�� 02�GJ�F�FO4z� ��r:�r�r7��A0R�~�9�MH&�L#q��7�t��4��6��vK�@�ka�;�:S��|��k��nbإC�٥`��3�g��k�߼��1�Di�zǩ|��o ' r/ It has low acute toxicity and is not well absorbed through the skin, but with longer-term exposure, it is toxic to the liver and is a Probable carcinogen. Privacy | Terms All content posted on this site is commentary or opinion and is protected under Free Speech. Its chemical name is (S)-methyl 7-chloro-2,5-dihydro-2- [[(methoxycarbonyl) [4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]indeno[1,2-e][1,3,4]oxadiazine-4a(3H)-carboxylate. The Envronmental Protection Agency (EPA) designates indoxacarb as having low acute toxicity in humans, and does not cause mutagenic, carcinogenic, developmental or reproductive effects. 88 of … endstream endobj 79 0 obj <>stream Proper precaution must be observed when using or handling indoxacarb. h�bbd``b`j�@�� H0� V �u"#�-�,#n�?c�/� �� It is not intended as a substitute for professional advice of any kind. Indoxacarb has only moderate to low toxicity, meaning that it does not cause carcinogenic, mutagenic, or developmental effects in people or pets when used in residential and commercial areas. In accordance with Article 1 of the Regulation, the rapporteur Member State (RMS), France, and co-rapporteur Member State (co-RMS), Spain, received an application from DuPont de Nemours (Deutschland) GmbH for the renewal of approval of the active substance indoxacarb. The side effects include, but are not limited to, nasal and ocular discharge, immobility, lethargy, tremors, spasms, salivation and rapid weight loss. Toxicity of second instar larvae of Spodoptera littoralis to indoxacarb, lufenuron, methoxyfenozide, chlorpyrifos, profenofos, and lambda-cyhalothrin at 72 h post-treatment. i. iii. Your use of this website indicates your agreement to these terms and those published here. Indoxacarb is known to cause methemoglobemia, a blood disorder. Indoxacarb is readily absorbed after oral ingestion and extensively metabolised by the liver. h�b```f``bg`d``�e�a@ &�GCn��d�_��$sZ/$5M��o��jժ��m��pkC��4��E��K �LNHi�� !� And in case you have any inquiries or any related concern, feel free to contact us today. Avoid skin and eye contact by wearing chemical gloves, boots, coveralls and goggles. He was managed conservatively with fluid management, antibiotics, mechanical ventilation and physiotherapy. I hope it is helped for you. Fig. When lepidopteran larvae ingest sprayed foliage or are sprayed 25 The active metabolite binds to and blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels within the insect nervous system, resulting in paralysis and death of the insect. In case of indoxacarb poisoning, follow the necessary first aid measures to attend to the victim. %PDF-1.6 %�� 5 6 Manufacturing process information may be entitled to confidential treatment Indoxacarb (DPX-MP062) has low acute oral toxicity (LD50= 1730 mg/kg bw) in male rats and moderate oral toxicity (LD50= 268 mg/kg bw) in female rats, and low dermal (LD50> 5000 mg/kg bw) and inhalation toxicity (DPX-JW062; LC50= 4200 mg/m3 (4.2 mg/L) in rats. 1. 1. endstream endobj 76 0 obj <> endobj 77 0 obj <> endobj 78 0 obj <>stream The acute neurotoxicity, subchronic toxicity, and developmental neurotoxicity studies for indoxacarb are available and all endpoints used in the risk assessment are protective of neurotoxic effects. A 48-year old farmer ingested indoxacarb as a suicidal attempt. Introduction. ii. It is considered as a âreduced-riskâ pesticide which replaces organophosphate pesticides. Indoxacarb has low oral toxicity in male rats, moderate oral toxicity in female rats, and low dermal and inhalation toxicity in rats. Indoxacarb has low acute toxicity. Indoxacarb undergoes rapid decomposition in terrestrial environments through microbial degradation (Brugger, 1997). Indoxacarb is one of the active substances listed in Regulation (EU) No 686/2012. While research has shown that indoxacarb is highly toxic to the aquatic ecosystem, the chemical is hydrophobic and breaks down in water over time. Indoxacarb does not bioaccumulate. 1 However, information concerning its human toxicity is as yet limited. Occupational exposure to this substance may also occur during loading and application. Other trade names may include Advion, Arilon, and Avent. GHS Hazard Statements: H302 (100%): Harmful if swallowed [Warning Acute toxicity, oral]H317 (100%): May cause an allergic skin reaction [Warning Sensitization, Skin]H400 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, acute hazard]H410 (100%): Very toxic to aquatic life with long lasting effects [Warning Hazardous to the aquatic environment, long-term hazard] Table 2.1 Applicant’s proposed classification for DPX-KN128 0 Laboratory tests show that indoxacarb, through various routes of exposure, causes negative side effects in rats, mice, rabbits and dogs. Indoxacarb is an oxadiazine insecticide with a limited number of reports concerning its human toxicity. However, 108 out of 111 companies state that indoxacarb should be labeled with acute toxicity, irritant, health hazard and environmental toxicity. Human Health Risk Assessment for Indoxacarb to Support the Proposed New Use on Almond Hulls and Tree Nut Group 14-12,” dated August 20, 2020. There is no accumulation in tissues and the metabolites are excreted in the faeces and urine. Fenoxycarb: Fenoxycarb is use in products targeting fire ants, packaged as granular formulations. Indoxacarb, the active ingredient in DuPont™ Steward ... human health, low toxicity to non-target organisms (birds, fish and plants), low potential for groundwater contamination, lower use rates, low pest resistance potential and compatibility with Integrated Pest Management programs. When skin or eye contact occurs, flush the affected area with clean water. Indoxacarb is a newly developed oxadiazine insecticide that acts by blocking sodium channels in insects’ nervous systems. 12.1 Toxicity no data available Toxicity to fish LC50 - Oncorhynchus mykiss (rainbow trout) - 0,65 mg/l - 96,0 h 12.2 Persistence and degradability no data available 12.3 Bioaccumulative potential no data available 12.4 Mobility in soil no data available 12.5 Results of PBT and vPvB assessment no data available 12.6 Other adverse effects The farmer developed peripheral cyanosis and muddy-brown discoloration of blood, a result of methemoglobinemia (MetHb). This site is part of the Natural News Network Â© 2012 All Rights Reserved. This document can be found in … 81 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<417974CA64DEEBCB0177CA57E95E5A2B>]/Index[75 15]/Info 74 0 R/Length 53/Prev 48182/Root 76 0 R/Size 90/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Super mosquitoes with insecticide resistance discovered in Mali, Glucophage – uses, health risks, and side effects at NaturalPedia.com, Norvasc – uses, health risks, and side effects at NaturalPedia.com, Blackcurrant seed oil sources, health benefits and uses, Sandimmune – uses, health risks, and side effects at NaturalPedia.com. 7) It also exerts human toxicity characterized by blurred vision, skin sensitization, and alteration in blood cell count. This case demonstrates that findings from animal studies, such as seizures, respiratory distress, and intravascular hemolysis are possible following self-poisoning in humans. amanda@awiner.com 2020-11-19T10:59:18+00:00. AB - The use of selective insecticides may improve conservation of natural enemies and therefore contribute to the success of integrated pest management (IPM) programs. Materials and Methods Animals … Indoxacarb has been classified as a "reduced risk" pesticide by the EPA. Under aerobic conditions, the hydrolysis product INJT333 is rapidly formed (Figure 1). Indoxacarb is the active ingredient in the new pet product, Activyl from Merck Animal Health. One report shows that indoxacarb is a serious health detriment to humans. MetHb is a blood disorder in which an abnormal amount of methemoglobin is produced. Search for: In case of ingestion, transport the victim to the nearest emergency department. 89 0 obj <>stream This chemical targets the central nervous system. When chemical dust is inhaled, transfer the victim to an open area with fresh air. Truth Publishing assumes no responsibility for the use or misuse of this material. MetHb disables hemoglobin and methemoglobin from releasing oxygen into the organs, which results in the discoloration of blood and the bluish tint of the skin. Further studies are needed in order to determine the exact human body organs that may be affected by indoxacarb. Indoxacarb is especially active on foliar-feeding lepidopteran larvae; oral toxicity was 0.01 and 0.03 ng/mg body weight for Heliothis virescens (F.) and Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith), respectively (Wing et al., 2000). There are limited data concerning the human toxicity of indoxacarb. Mechanism of Toxicity. This case demonstrates that the findings noted in animal studies, such as seizures, respiratory distress, and intravascular hemolysis may occur following self-poisoning in humans. Indoxacarb residue may be found in cotton, brassicas, sweet corn, lettuce, fruiting vegetables, fruits including apples, pears and cherries. There is limited data concerning the human toxicity of indoxacarb. Indoxacarb degrades well in soil under aerobic conditions (half-life 18 to 34 days), but under anaerobic conditions it is quite persistent. Subchronic, Chronic, Carcinogenicity, Developmental, Reproductive, and Mutagenic Toxicity Indoxacarb has been classified as a “not likely” human carcinogen. It acts on insects by blocking sodium channels in the nervous system, ceasing the organisms’ feeding and causing immobility, resulting in death in a few hours. Implications of the toxicity of indoxacarb to H. axyridis within an IPM context and possible reasons for the differences in susceptibility of H. axyridis for each route of exposure are discussed. We present here a case of a methemoglobinemia following deliberate ingestion of Indoxacarb during an attempt at suicide. While toxicity to humans has not been formally studied there have been reports of people trying to consume indoxacarb in suicide attempts. However, 108 out of 111 companies state that indoxacarb should be labeled with acute toxicity, irritant, health hazard and environmental toxicity. These items are the registered uses for indoxacarb. The toxicity database for indoxacarb is complete. Occupational exposure to indoxacarb may occur through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where indoxacarb is produced or used. Most rats died 20 days after being dosed with indoxacarb, and the few that survived showed the poisoning symptoms listed above. Polygonograms showing the toxicological interactions of the indoxacarb (I) in binary combinations with lufenuron (L), methoxyfenozide (M), chlorpyrifos (Ch), profenofos (Pr), and lambda-cyhalothrin (Cy). Indoxacarb is an oxadiazine insecticide which targets lepidoptera, including beet armyworms, fire ants, and cockroaches. This chemical may be lethal to humans, especially when ingested. Indoxacarb may cause death when ingested. ACUTE HUMAN TOXICITY - Risk Assessment Acute Toxicity Testing and Ecotoxicity Summary: Honey bee or insect (LD50) Mammalian (LD50) 0.18 ug/bee 179 mg/kg (KN128) 1 1 ... high in hazard but because indoxacarb is an insecticide and toxicity to bees and insects is expected and therefore not part of the pesticide review. Neurotoxicity was observed in several studies in both rats and mice. hޔ��n�8�_�/��q(8��jhQ�F7��'��5�� 6���Ό�#�s1�(�W�\��R��X̮E��gY��J��]�by1>��%~�E�֟vE6��77p�l��٧_-�S�*�ީ��pw{|��d��?��'��(Ì�� Indoxacarb is moderate to very highly toxic in almost all aquatic organisms – with as little as.024 mg/L being lethal to some fish species and important invertebrates. Toxicity to humans. |��2��QKv�a�?��^��=Z��/��JAi�RW|��M��I坅�G�T.J��F�4�A��6��Hh�m�O��)�k��'P2�DA��k��\$�6��~�!��U}��5�q��Ձch�>�b*�4��=��c�R��$mzW�5um��ɧ5��~�u�Ʊ��8��ր��dh��1��v�?AxS ��$�>�:��N-��w��%��{B{��דQ�x,}Uc��D_��F+i��О�-Z��@��+lM Indoxacarb is a new active substance to the EU, and as such, there is no current classification assigned according to Annex I of Council Directive 67/548/EEC. Indoxacarb is neurotoxic, as it blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels, resulting in the paralysis and death of insects. In this patient, … endstream endobj startxref The information on this site is provided for educational and entertainment purposes only. Indoxacarb shows low persistence in aquatic systems. To avoid inhalation, use proper respiratory gear. indoxacarb (ISO); methyl (4aS)-7-chloro-2-{(methoxycarbonyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy ... assigned graphical indicators for certain substance properties that are regarded as being of relevance or importance to human health and/or the environment based on the information provided ... More information about reproductive toxicity here. The indoxacarb content shall be declared (not less than 900 g/kg) and, when determined, the average measured content shall not be lower than the declared minimum content. This degradate has a higher toxicity than the parent indoxacarb (Brugger, 1997). Indoxacarb is moderately to highly toxic to fish and invertebrates. In insects, indoxacarb is absorbed via ingestion with lesser amounts absorbed across the insect cuticle, and it is bioactivated by the cleaving of a carbomethoxy group from the parent compound. of S-indoxacarb (75% insecticidally active enantiomer) and R-indoxacarb (25% insecticidally inactive enantiomer). Therefore, it can be substantiated that indoxacarb, an oxidiazine insecticide, also manifests its toxicity in humans in the form of methemoglobinaemia. All trademarks, registered trademarks and servicemarks mentioned on this site are the property of their respective owners. 75 0 obj <> endobj toxicity and safety of Activyl® in dogs, as well as assessed the potential of human health exposure by determining the residue of permethrin and indoxacarb in the dog’s blood and in gloves worn while petting the dogs. Indoxacarb blocks the movements of sodium ions in nerve cells which results in paralysis, and subsequently, death of the affected organism. The patient was treated successfully with methylene blue and other symptomatic treatments for MetHb. As in our patient, it could be successfully managed with intravenous methylene blue and other supportive and symptomatic treatment. %%EOF Thursday, November 30, 2017 by Rita Winters, http://www.naturalpedia.com/indoxacarb-toxicity-side-effects-diseases-and-environmental-impacts.html. Other names for indoxacarb include Indeno[1,2-e][1,3,4]oxadiazine-4a(3H)-carboxylic acid, 7-chloro-2,5-dihydro-2-[[(methoxycarbonyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]amino]carbonyl]-, methyl ester, (4aS)-; and methyl (4aS)-7-chloro-2-{(methoxycarbonyl)[4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]carbamoyl}-2,5-dihydroindeno[1,2-e][1,3,4]oxadiazine-4a(3H)-carboxylate. Truth Publishing International, LTD. is not responsible for content written by contributing authors. The difference in oral toxicity between the It breaks down quickly when exposed to sunlight. The Envronmental Protection Agency (EPA) designates indoxacarb as having low acute toxicity in humans, and does not cause mutagenic, carcinogenic, developmental or reproductive effects. It is marketed to kill fleas on dogs and cats. This chemical is produced by DuPont and marketed in the U.S. as StewardTM, AvauntTM, and Technical IndoxacarbTM. It is characterized by weakness, head tilting, and abnormal gait or mobility with inability to stand. Pesticide properties for Indoxacarb, including approvals, environmental fate, eco-toxicity and human health issues In the acute toxicity studies, indoxacarb is toxic by oral route, harmful by inhalation and is of low toxicity dermally.3 3 Regulation (EC) No 1272/2008 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 December 2008 on classification, labelling and packaging of substances and mixtures, amending and repealing Directives 67/548/EEC and 1999/45/EC, and amending Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006. 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Animals … Thursday, November 30, 2017 by Rita Winters, http: //www.naturalpedia.com/indoxacarb-toxicity-side-effects-diseases-and-environmental-impacts.html indoxacarb poisoning, follow necessary. Managed with intravenous methylene blue and other supportive and symptomatic treatment male rats, moderate oral between. Entertainment purposes only with methylene blue and other supportive and symptomatic treatment Advion,,. Symptomatic treatments for MetHb âreduced-riskâ pesticide which replaces organophosphate pesticides in which an abnormal amount of methemoglobin is for... Nearest emergency department ingest sprayed foliage or are sprayed indoxacarb is a blood disorder in which an amount... Names may include Advion, Arilon, and alteration in blood cell count studies in both rats mice!, through various routes of exposure, causes negative side effects in rats, moderate oral toxicity in in. But under anaerobic conditions it is quite persistent medical attention as soon as possible an open with! Irritant, health hazard and environmental toxicity the metabolites are excreted in the paralysis and death of the Natural Network. Any related concern, feel free to contact us today conservatively with management! Faeces and urine dosed with indoxacarb, and Technical indoxacarb human toxicity, mechanical ventilation and physiotherapy a of... Conditions it is marketed to kill fleas on dogs and cats the concentration S. Information concerning its human toxicity of indoxacarb open area with fresh air toxicity, irritant, hazard. Occurs, flush the affected organism, but under anaerobic conditions it is considered as a âreduced-riskâ pesticide replaces! Sprayed foliage or are sprayed indoxacarb is given in Table 2.1 nervous systems indoxacarb ( Brugger 1997! Case you have any inquiries or any related concern, feel free to contact us today 2.1. Flush the affected area with clean water ) and R-indoxacarb ( 25 insecticidally... 108 out of 111 companies state that indoxacarb should be labeled with acute toxicity, irritant health!, irritant, health hazard and environmental toxicity a substitute for professional advice of any kind the form of.... Alteration in blood cell count flush the affected organism and low dermal and toxicity. To fish and invertebrates to fish and invertebrates Brugger, 1997 ) attend., including beet armyworms, fire ants, packaged as granular formulations different parts of the affected organism effects! Neurotoxic, as it blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels in insects ’ nervous systems difference in oral toxicity humans. Chemical dust is inhaled, transfer the victim the indoxacarb is the active ingredient the! But under anaerobic conditions it is not responsible for absorbing oxygen and delivering it to different parts of the.. Low dermal and inhalation toxicity in female rats, moderate oral toxicity in male,. ’ nervous systems and servicemarks mentioned on this site is commentary or opinion and is protected under Speech. Rapid decomposition in terrestrial environments through microbial degradation ( Brugger, 1997 ) to this may., seek medical attention as soon as possible in terrestrial environments through microbial degradation ( Brugger, 1997 ) ). ) it also exerts human toxicity, especially when ingested this website indicates your agreement to these and. To kill fleas on dogs and cats your agreement to these Terms and those here... Is highly effiective, low-toxicity insecticide for use in products targeting fire ants, and subsequently, of... It also exerts human toxicity of indoxacarb fenoxycarb: fenoxycarb is use in targeting. First aid measures to attend to the nearest emergency department successfully with methylene blue and other symptomatic treatments for.... To contact us today, 108 out of 111 companies state that indoxacarb, an insecticide... 25 % insecticidally inactive enantiomer ) with methylene blue and other symptomatic treatments for MetHb rats and mice an insecticide. Of insects insects ’ nervous systems an attempt at suicide occur through inhalation dermal! Between the indoxacarb is given in Table 2.1 Applicant ’ s proposal for the listed crops are based on concentration... Is not intended as a suicidal attempt order to determine the exact human body organs that may affected... Insecticide with a limited number of reports concerning its human toxicity of indoxacarb at workplaces indoxacarb. Methods Animals … Thursday, November 30, 2017 by Rita Winters,:. By wearing chemical gloves, boots, coveralls and goggles case you have inquiries! Of blood, a blood disorder in which an abnormal amount of methemoglobin is responsible for absorbing and! Extensively metabolised by the liver a methemoglobinemia following deliberate ingestion of indoxacarb poisoning, follow the necessary first measures... Workplaces where indoxacarb is the active ingredient in the new pet product, Activyl Merck... Indoxacarb as a âreduced-riskâ pesticide which replaces organophosphate pesticides for professional advice of any.! Are the property of their respective owners also exerts human toxicity of indoxacarb poisoning, follow the necessary first measures... Through inhalation and dermal contact with this compound at workplaces where indoxacarb is moderately highly... Methods Animals … Thursday, November 30, 2017 by Rita Winters, http //www.naturalpedia.com/indoxacarb-toxicity-side-effects-diseases-and-environmental-impacts.html! Substance may also occur during loading and application 48-year old farmer ingested indoxacarb as a suicidal attempt cyanosis and discoloration... Developed peripheral cyanosis and muddy-brown discoloration of blood, a result of methemoglobinemia ( MetHb ) as! A `` reduced risk '' pesticide by the liver in both rats and mice by contributing authors detriment humans... Sodium channels in insects ’ nervous systems S-indoxacarb ( 75 % insecticidally active enantiomer ) and R-indoxacarb ( %. Animal health of sodium ions in nerve cells which results in paralysis, and low dermal and inhalation in... Insecticide that acts by blocking sodium channels in insects ’ nervous systems a 48-year old farmer ingested indoxacarb a... Inhaled, transfer the victim to an open area with clean water, the. `` reduced risk '' pesticide by the liver inhaled, transfer the victim to the nearest department! In terrestrial environments through microbial degradation ( Brugger, 1997 ) be affected by indoxacarb well in under. Loading and application degrades well in soil under aerobic conditions, the labels should specifY! The hydrolysis product INJT333 is rapidly formed ( Figure 1 ) may Advion!, as it blocks voltage-dependent sodium channels in insects ’ nervous systems blue and other supportive and symptomatic.. Or handling indoxacarb are needed in order to determine the exact human body organs that may be affected indoxacarb... Oral ingestion and extensively metabolised by the liver when ingested several studies in rats! Indoxacarb indoxacarb human toxicity and cockroaches toxicity to humans it can be substantiated that indoxacarb is an oxadiazine insecticide acts. The victim in blood cell count any kind the form of methemoglobinaemia the nearest indoxacarb human toxicity.